International Journal of Sub-Saharan African Research (IJSSAR)

Background: Flooding remains a recurring environmental hazard in many parts of Nigeria, with its impacts often exacerbated by inadequate preparedness, delayed responses, and ineffective communication of early warning information. Although flood early warning systems are designed to provide timely information that enables communities to take preventive and protective measures, the effectiveness of such communication in translating warnings into action requires empirical assessment.
Objective: This study investigated the effectiveness of the existing flood-risk early warning communication system in two communities in Nsukka, namely Onuiyi and Ugwuoye.
Method: The study adopted a descriptive survey design, collecting data from 342 respondents across the two communities using a structured questionnaire. The instrument assessed the communication channels used, perceived effectiveness, challenges, and desired improvements in early warning communication. The data were analysed using frequency distributions, simple percentages, mean scores, and standard deviations. Results: The findings revealed that various mass media and digital media channels were used within a centralised, top-down communication system. Untimely warnings, limited reach, and restricted access were identified as factors undermining the perceived effectiveness of the existing system.
Conclusion: Integrating local social contexts, strengthening grassroots collaboration, and improving communication technologies could enhance flood early warning communication.
Unique Contribution: The study provides empirical evidence on the perceived effectiveness, challenges, and potential improvements of flood-risk early warning communication in Onuiyi and Ugwuoye, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Key Recommendation: The study recommends decentralising Nigeria's existing flood early warning communication system and adopting a community-centred framework that integrates scientific data with local realities.