International Journal of Sub-Saharan African Research (IJSSAR)

Background: In recent years, the rapid expansion of digital media and social networking platforms has significantly transformed information dissemination in Nigeria. While these platforms enhance access to information, they have also facilitated the widespread circulation of fake news, which poses serious threats to development efforts. In Delta State, the proliferation of misinformation has increasingly undermined public trust, distorted health communication, weakened educational initiatives, and hindered peace-building processes. These challenges directly affect the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goals 3 (Good Health and Well-being), 4 (Quality Education), and 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions).
Objective: This study examines the implications of fake news on the realization of SDGs in Delta State, with specific focus on Goals 3, 4, and 16, and how they are interpreted and applied in the development process.
Method: The study adopted a mixed methods design, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. A survey of 400 respondents was conducted to generate quantitative data, while 18 key informant interviews provided qualitative insights. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression techniques, alongside thematic analysis for the interview data.
Result: The findings reveal a significant negative relationship between exposure to fake news and public engagement with SDG-related initiatives. Thematic analysis further indicates that social media platforms, particularly Facebook and WhatsApp, serve as major channels for the dissemination of fake news, contributing to declining public trust in institutions and development programmes.
Conclusion: Fake news constitutes a major barrier to sustainable development in Delta State. High exposure to misinformation—largely driven by social media—undermines citizens’ willingness to participate in development initiatives, despite a relatively higher level of trust in traditional media sources.
Unique Contribution: The study demonstrates that although there is a moderate level of awareness of SDG initiatives, fake news significantly reduces public trust in government-led programmes and weakens motivation for active participation in development efforts.
Key Recommendation: The study recommends the intensification of media literacy programmes and the promotion of transparent, open communication strategies to mitigate the effects of misinformation and enhance the achievement of SDGs.